From phenomenology to a theory of corporal combat and martial arts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v14i2s.6002Keywords:
Phenomenology, martial arts, combat sportsAgencies:
FAPESP, grant number 2019/11527-6Abstract
This work aims to propose, based on previous phenomenological outcomes, a Theory of Corporal Combat Phenomenon (TCCP) and to anticipate directions for the propositions of a Theory of Martial Arts Phenomenon. Although theories concerning Martial Arts (MA) aren’t uncommon, there is not one based on phenomenological analysis. Previous theories concern natural assumptions about values and conceptions of what MA is, or even deconstruct the phenomena. Guided by Edmund Husserl's philosophy, outcomes about combat experiences analyzed by bracketing natural knowledge allow us to grasp the inner structural intentionality that, in all varieties of manifestations, gives into existence the Martial Arts. A significant essential approaching of corporal combat has been made by Figueiredo (2009), who conceptualizes Combat Sport by having the body as target and means of the actions. But not all Corporal Combat manifestations analyzed to return “to the things themselves” - Physical Brawl, Fighting, Playing of fighting, Duel, Self-defence and Instrumental Offensive Combat - are MA&CS (Barreira, 2017). Findings are simplified and presented as a theory fostering not only a more accessible apprehension but the visualization of new investigative problems focused on Martial Arts practitioners’ experiences in different contexts. The TCCP leads to the conclusion that corporal fighting experience is central to MA manifestations as practices involving complex phenomena such as teaching, learning, training and fighting practices in community contexts. Future descriptions on how martial arts practitioners’ development occurs when experiencing different Corporal Combat help to develop a Theory of MA Phenomenon.
Downloads
Métricas alternativas
References
International Hopology Society’. (s.f.). Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/International-Hoplology-Society-130879026931954/
Barreira, C.R.A. (2017). The essences of martial arts and corporal fighting: a classical phenomenological analysis. Archives of Budo, 13, 351-376.
Basetti, V., Telles, T., & Barreira, C. (2016). Toward a psychology of Jiu-jitsu: phenomenological analysis of the ways to combat in practitioner's experience. Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas, 11(2s), 86-87. doi: http://doi.org/10.18573/j.2017.10092
Bowman, P. (2017). The Definition of Martial Arts Studies. Martial Arts Studies, 3, 6-23. doi: http://doi.org/10.18573/j.2017.10092
Cynarsky, W. J. (2019). Martial Arts & Combat Sports: towards the general theory of fighting arts. Gdansk: Katedra.
Figueiredo A. (2009). The object of study in martial arts and combat sports research—Contributions to a complex whole. In W.J. Cynarski (Ed.), Martial Arts and Combat Sports — Humanistic Outlook (pp. 20-34). Rzeszów: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego.
Harrison, L. J. (2011). On theory and martial arts. The Journal Of Alternative Perspectives On The Martial Arts And Sciences, 11(1), 32-38.
Henning, S. (2007). La Doncella de Yue: fuente de la teoría de las artes marciales chinas. Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas, 2(4), 40-53. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v2i4.332
Husserl, E. (1996). Natural scientific psychology, human sciences and metaphysics. In T. Nenon & L. Embree (Eds.), Issues in Husserl’s Ideas II (pp. 8-13). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Melo, F. & Barreira, C. R. A. (2015). Psychological barriers between violence, fight and game: phenomenological transitions in the practice of capoeira. Movimento, 21(1), 125-138.
Tokitsu, K. (1979). La voie du karaté: pour une théorie des arts martiaux japonais. Paris: Seuil.
Tokitsu, K. (2000). Budô: Le ki et le sens du combat. Méolans-Revel: DésIris.
Vey, G. (2010). Combate integrador: una perspectiva empírica de las artes marciales. Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas, 5(2), 7-20. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v5i2.108
Wetzler, S. (2015). Martial Arts Studies as Kulturwissenschaft: A Possible Theoretical Framework. Martial Arts Studies, 1, 20-33. doi: http://doi.org/10.18573/j.2015.10016
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Cristiano Barreira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors who publish in this journal must agree to the following terms:
- The authors grant on a nonexclusive basis the exploitation rights (reproduction, distribution, public communication and transformation) of the work accepted for publication to the University of León. The authors can establish, on their own, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (for example, placing it in an institutional repository or publishing it in a book), always acknowledging the initial publication in this journal.
- This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Click to see basic information and the legal text of the license.
- The authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate electronically pre-print or post-print versions of their work before publication, as this can give rise to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and increased citing of the works published.