Aplicaciones del sistema CRISPR-Cas9 a la modificación genética en animales domésticos

Nicole Martínez-García; Sergio Barrionuevo Melero Royo; Margarita M. Marqués; Yolanda Bayón

doi:10.18002/ambioc.v0i17.6207

Autores

Nicole Martínez-García
Sergio Barrionuevo Melero Royo
Margarita M. Marqués
Yolanda Bayón

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18002/ambioc.v0i17.6207

Palavras-chave:

CRISPR, Edición genética, Producción Animal, Biomedicina

Resumo

Los editores genéticos, especialmente el sistema CRISPR-Cas9, han supuesto un gran avance para la modificación genética de animales. En el presente artículo, se realiza una revisión de la metodología específica en animales domésticos y sus aplicaciones en Producción Animal y Biomedicina. La parte general sobre la edición genética y el sistema CRISPR-Cas9, ha sido desarrollada en el artículo anterior centrado en las plantas. A pesar de su reciente implementación en la década actual, esta herramienta ha demostrado ya su eficacia en aspectos tan diversos como la resistencia a enfermedades, la mejora de productos de origen animal, o también el uso de animales como biorreactores, modelos de enfermedades humanas o fuente de órganos para xenotrasplante. A pesar de aspectos técnicos que aún deben ser abordados, el sistema CRISPR-Cas9 con su elevada eficiencia y diseño rápido, sencillo y económico, destaca entre las técnicas de modificación genética. Esto lo convierte, en este contexto, en la metodología con mejores perspectivas futuras, no solo para el mundo animal sino también en el ámbito de la salud humana

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