El momento de pesaje afecta el estado de hidratación y el aumento de peso agudo en deportes de combate: una comparación entre judo y lucha libre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v16i2.7020Palabras clave:
Artes marciales, deportes de combate, judo, lucha libre, aumento de peso, deshidrataciónAgencias Financiadoras:
The authors received no funding for this workResumen
Este estudio investigó el efecto del momento de pesaje sobre el estado de hidratación y el aumento agudo de peso (AWG). Veintisiete judokas y 23 luchadores de categoría masculina, participaron voluntariamente. Se midió la masa corporal y la gravedad específica de la orina (USG) de los atletas justo antes del pesaje oficial y de la competición. Para determinar las diferencias en AWG y USG entre ambos grupos y tiempos de medición se utilizó un análisis de varianza de dos vías (ANOVA factorial mixto) con medidas repetidas (tiempo x deporte). En caso de existir diferencias significativas entre deportes, se aplicaron pruebas t. Se encontró un efecto principal significativo en el tiempo (p<0.01, ES=0.25) en USG. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en USG entre el pesaje oficial y el inicio de la competición en luchadores (p<0.01) pero no en judokas, y en AWG y %AWG en ambos deportes (p <0.01). Además, la mayoría de los atletas presentó un alto nivel de deshidratación antes del pesaje oficial y de la competición. En conclusión, los judokas no pudieron rehidratarse tanto como los luchadores, a pesar de disponer de 15 horas de recuperación. Puede sugerirse que el período entre el pesaje oficial y la competición podría acortarse para así evitar un estado de hidratación no óptimo y el rápido aumento de peso, aunque con precaución para permitir un suficiente tiempo de recuperación.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Bayram Ceylan, Bilgehan Baydil, Latif Aydos
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