The role of head movement in capoeira's armada performance

Gabriela Bonifácio da Costa Oliveira; Flávio Henrique Bastos; Estefan  Gemas Neto; Julio Cerca Serrão; Umberto Corrêa

doi:10.18002/rama.v21i1.2605

Autores

Gabriela Bonifácio da Costa Oliveira Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4491-3156
Flávio Henrique Bastos Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2879-2156
Estefan Gemas Neto Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8515-8023
Julio Cerca Serrão Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-3387
Umberto Corrêa Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-0437

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v21i1.2605

Palavras-chave:

Artes marciais, desportos de combate, movimento da cabeça, habilidade motora, expertise, sistema sensorial

Resumo

Durante a execução da armada, o praticante de capoeira quebra o acoplamento visual com o oponente devido ao movimento de giro. Este estudo investigou se um fenômeno denominado “marcação de cabeça” caracterizaria uma estratégia potencial para o praticante de capoeira lidar com essa quebra no acoplamento informacional. A marcação de cabeça refere-se ao ato de, em movimentos de giro, a cabeça ser a última parte do corpo a se mover, mas a primeira a terminar. Quarenta voluntários experientes [homens (n = 10) e mulheres (n = 10) iniciantes, e homens (n = 10) e mulheres (n = 10) praticantes avançados de capoeira], com idade média de 24,0 ± 5,0 anos, participaram deste experimento. A marcação de cabeça foi analisada em relação à velocidade da armada (lenta e rápida), ao oponente (com e sem), à perna de ataque (preferencial e não preferencial) e à fase de aprendizado (iniciante e avançado). Esta última classificação foi baseada nas graduações de cordão da Confederação Brasileira de Capoeira. O tempo de movimento da cabeça foi menor que o tempo de movimento da armada (758,8 ms vs. 1916,6 ms, respectivamente, p < 0,01). O movimento da cabeça ocorreu dentro do movimento da armada, visto que apresentou valores médios negativos (-330,47 ms) e positivos (806,66 ms) para o início e o fim do movimento da cabeça, respectivamente. Observou-se que as armadas realizadas com o membro inferior preferido apresentaram um valor médio de tempo de movimento da cabeça maior do que aquelas realizadas com o membro não preferido (740,41 ms vs. 678,72 ms, respectivamente, p < 0,05). Além disso, quando as armadas foram realizadas contra um oponente virtual, apresentaram um tempo de movimento da cabeça maior do que aquelas realizadas sem um oponente virtual (758,58 ms vs. 669,43 ms, respectivamente, p < 0,05). Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o movimento da cabeça funcionou como um fenômeno de marcação de posição, sendo um componente crítico de uma armada, que varia dependendo da dominância lateral dos praticantes e da presença de um oponente. Eles também contribuem para a compreensão do funcionamento da habilidade motora e para a elucidação de seus mecanismos subjacentes.

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Biografias Autor

Gabriela Bonifácio da Costa Oliveira , Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo

Gabriela Bonifácio da Costa Oliveira (Brazil): Holds a Bachelor's degree in Physical Education and Sport from the University of São Paulo (2015) and a Licentiate degree in Physical Education from the same university (2020). Completed a Master's degree at the School of Physical Education and Sport of the University of São Paulo (2020), with a project in the concentration area of Sociocultural and Behavioral Studies of Human Movement, focusing on the research line of Motor Learning. E-mail: gabriela.bonifacio.oliveira@usp.br

Flávio Henrique Bastos , Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo

Flávio Henrique Bastos (Brazil): Assistant Professor at the School of Physical Education at the School of Physical Education and Sport of the University of São Paulo, and member of the Motor Behavior Laboratory. He has investigated the elaboration of learning strategies under learner-controlled practice conditions and the ability to perform anticipatory tasks. E-mail: bastosfh@usp.br

Estefan Gemas Neto, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo

Estefan Gemas Neto (Brazil): Bachelor’s degree in Physical Education from the University of São Paulo (2016). Master’s degree in Sciences from the University of São Paulo (2019). PhD in Sciences from the University of São Paulo (2024). Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of São Paulo (2025). Member of the Motor Behavior Laboratory (LACOM). Experienced in the fields of Motor Behavior, Motor Learning, Motor Control, and Martial Arts/Combat Sports. Holds a blue belt in aikido from the Takemussu Institute E-mail: estefan.neto@usp.br

Julio Cerca Serrão , Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo

Julio Cerca Serrão (Brazil): Full Professor at the School of Physical Education and Sports of USP (EEFE-USP), where he is Head of the Department of Biodynamics and Coordinator of the Biomechanics Laboratory. He holds a degree (1993) in Physical Education from the School of Physical Education and Sports of the University of São Paulo (EEFE-USP), a Master's degree (1996) in Motor Sciences from the Institute of Biosciences of the São Paulo State University, and a PhD (1999) and Associate Professorship (2007) from EEFE-USP. At EEFE-USP, he was President of the Undergraduate Committee (2004-2012), Head of the Department of Biodynamics of Human Body Movement (2011-2014), Vice-Director (2014-2018), and Director (2018-2022). At the USP Rector's Office, he served as Senior Advisor to the Rector (2020-2022) and as USP's Interlocutor with the MEC for PET actions (2015-2022). At the USP University Council, he was a member of the Legislation and Resources Committee (CLR) (2015-2022), where he served as vice-president (2019-2022). His research interests include Sports Biomechanics, Locomotion Biomechanics, Exercise Biomechanics, and Footwear Biomechanics. E-mail: jcserrao@usp.br

Umberto Corrêa, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo

Umberto Cesar Corrêa (Brazil): Faculty member of School of Physical Education and Sport of the University of São Paulo, and member of the Motor Behavior Laboratory, since 1996. He received his undergraduate degree in Physical Education in 1990, and Certification in Gymnastics in 1992 from the University of Mogi das Cruzes; Certificate in Sport Sciences from University of Educação e Cultura do ABC (1993); Master degree in Motricity Sciences from Paulista State University (1996); Ph.D. degree in Physical Education from University of São Paulo (2001). He held the post of Associate Professor from University of São Paulo in 2007 and Post-doctoral from Queensland University of Technology in 2011. His research interests include motor skill learning and teaching of physical education. He has investigated themes such as practice schedule, feedback, instruction/cues, specificity and complexity of task, ecological validity. He has been interested in understanding motor skills in physical education and sport contexts from an adaptive complex systems perspective. E-mail: umbertoc@usp.br

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