Drogas marinas: los animales marinos como fuentes de compuestos antitumorales

Antonio José Laborda Navia; Manuel Martín San Sebastián

doi:10.18002/ambioc.v0i13.4953

Autores

Antonio José Laborda Navia
Manuel Martín San Sebastián

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18002/ambioc.v0i13.4953

Palavras-chave:

Biología, Biotecnología marina, Cáncer, Fármacos,

Resumo

La evolución ha dotado a muchos organismos marinos con un arsenal de productos químicos que emplean para fines defensivos o sociales. Gracias a esto, las formas de vida marinas constituyen una fuente importante de compuestos bioactivos, implicados hoy en el descubrimiento de nuevas drogas para tratar diversas enfermedades. Miles de esos compuestos han sido ya descubiertos y están siendo evaluados en diversos ensayos biológicos, muchos de ellos en el campo de la oncología. En él, los avances en la determinación de la estructura molecular, síntesis, etc., han permitido que algunos de ellos como citarabina, halaven y yondelis, entre otros, hayan pasado ya a formar parte del mercado farmacéutico. Sin embargo, aún existen limitaciones para explotar todo el potencial de estos compuestos y, en la actualidad, la investigación está dirigida al descubrimiento de nuevas rutas del metabolismo secundario y de novedosas formas de producción sostenible. Además, resulta prioritario el conocimiento de la biodiversidad marina y su conservación, para proteger moléculas de posible interés en el futuro.

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