Influência da maturação sexual no desempenho anaeróbio de lutadores adolescentes do sexo masculino
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v19i1.2402Palavras-chave:
Artes marciais, desportos de combate, luta livre olímpica, luta greco-romana, maturação, potência anaeróbia, capacidade anaeróbia, treinamento de alta intensidadeResumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a influência da maturação sexual no desempenho anaeróbico de lutadores de wrestling adolescentes do sexo masculino. Métodos: Uma amostra de 29 lutadores de estilo livre e greco-romana de diferentes clubes de luta de Barinas, Venezuela, com as seguintes características físicas (M ± DP) foram incluídos, idade: 14,99 ± 1,83 anos, massa corporal: 54,68 ± 16,80kg, estatura: 161,06 ± 12,78 cm, gordura corporal: 12,09 ± 4,11%, índice de massa corporal: 20,58 ± 3,79 kg/m2, experiência de treinamento: 3,66 ± 2,27 anos. A maturação sexual foi avaliada usando os critérios de Tanner, e o desempenho anaeróbico foi medido com o teste de Wingate de 30 segundos da parte inferior e superior do corpo. Resultados: Foram observadas correlações significativas moderadas e fortes entre os desenvolvimentos maturacional com a Potência de Pico [PP] e a Potência Média [PA] (absoluta e relativa) da parte inferior e superior do corpo. O Índice de Fadiga (%IF) da parte inferior do corpo não mostrou relação com o desenvolvimento maturacional ou com as categorias de maturação púbere e pós-púbere. No entanto, o %IF da parte superior do corpo revelou uma correlação moderada significativa com o desenvolvimento maturacional e a categoria de maturação pós-púbere. Além disso, foi encontrada uma forte correlação significativa entre a categoria de maturação púbere com o PP e AP (absoluto e relativo) da parte inferior do corpo e uma relação moderada entre a categoria pós-púbere apenas com o PP (absoluto). O PP (absoluto) e o AP (relativo) do tronco apresentaram relação moderada com a categoria de maturação púbere, e o pós-púbere apresentou forte correlação com o PP (absoluto), AP (absoluto) e AP (relativo). Conclusão: Os estágios de maturação sexual influenciam a capacidade anaeróbica dos lutadores, o que pode influenciar nas adaptações do treinamento para o desempenho máximo. Estudos futuros precisam investigar as respostas fisiológicas a protocolos de treinamento específicos para a maturação.
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