Efecto de la estigmatización del VIH/SIDA en usuarios de drogas intravenosas en el acceso a los servicios sanitarios según género

Elizabeth Mora Torres; Yina Lizeth García López; Manuela García de la Hera; María del Carmen Davó

doi:10.18002/cg.v0i5.3790

Autores/as

Elizabeth Mora Torres SAEF-CI, Tunja, Colombia - Colombia
Yina Lizeth García López Universidad Miguel Hernández - España
Manuela García de la Hera Universidad Miguel Hernández - España
María del Carmen Davó Universidad de Alicante - España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18002/cg.v0i5.3790

Palabras clave:

estigmatización, pacientes VIH, atención sanitaria esporádica, cuestiones de género, usuarios de drogas, stigmatization, HIV patients, occasional health-care, gender issues, drug abusers

Resumen

Se ha elaborado un estudio con enfoque cualitativo basado en encuestas semiestructuradas, en el periodo 2007-2008, de usuarios de drogas intravenosas de los Centros de Información y Prevención del Sida. Los profesionales, que atienden de forma esporádica a pacientes VIH los estigmatizan en mayor medida debido a la desinformación, miedo y falta de empatía. Se detecta diferente comportamiento de uso en ex consumidores de drogas. Las mujeres se ajustan más a las normas y son menos conflictivas, se desenganchan más y recaen menos. A las mujeres se les atiende rápidamente en los servicios sanitarios no específicos. Ambos sexos usan estrategias contra la estigmatización.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Métricas alternativas

Citas

Barnard, M. A. (1993): “Needle sharing in context: patterns of sharing among men and women injectors and HIV risks”. En Addiction, jun, vol. 88, nº. 6, pp. 805-12.

Carr, R. L y Gramling, L. F. (2004): “Stigma: a health barrier for women with HIV/AIDS”. En Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care- JANAC, set-oct, vol. 15, nº. 5, pp. 30-9.

Carrieri, M. P. (1999): “Access to antiretroviral treatment among French HIV infected injection drug users: the influence of continued drug use. MANIF 2000 Study Group”. En Journal of Epidemiiology and Community Health, nov, vol. 53, nº. 11, p. 739.

Corrigan, P. W. y Watson, A. C. (2002): “Understanding the impact f stigma on people with mental illness”. En World Psychiatry, feb, vol, 1, nº. 1, pp. 16-20.

Dahlgren, L; Emmelin, M. y Winkvist, A. (2004): Qualitative methodology for international public health. Umea: Print and Media, Umea University.

Emlet, C. A. (2006): “A comparison of HIV stigma and disclosure patterns between older and younger adults living with HIV/AIDS”. En AIDS Patient Care and STDS, may, vol. 20, nº. 5, pp. 350-8.

France, L. y Kazatchkine, M. D. (2007): “Antirretroviral HIV treatment and care for injecting drug users: an evidence-based overview”. En The International Journal on Drug Police, aug, vol. 18, nº. 4, pp. 255-61.

Goffman, E. (1963): Notes on the Management of spoiled identify. Englowood Cliffs, Nj: Prentice-Hall.

Harvey, E. et al. (1998): “A qualitative investigation into an HIV outbreak among injection drug users in Vancouver, British Columbia”. En AIDS Care, jun, vol. 10, nº. 3, pp. 313-21.

Herek, G. M; Capitanio, J. P. y Widaman, K. F. (2002): “HIV-Related Stigma and Knowledge in the United States: Prevalence and Trends, 1991–1999”. En American Journal of Public Health, mar, vol. 92, nº. 3, pp. 371-7.

Holzemer, W. L. y Uys, L. (2004): Managing AIDS stigma. En Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, vol. 1, nº. 3, pp. 165-175.

Hunter, G. M. y Judd, A. (1998): “Women injecting drug users in London: The extent and nature of their contact with drug and health services”. En Drug and Alcohol Review, sep, vol. 17, nº. 3, pp. 267-76.

Jacoby, A. (1994): “Felt versus enacted stigma: A concept revisited”. En Social Science and Medicine, jan, vol. 38, nº. 2, pp. 269-74.

Kinsler, J; Wong, M; Sayles, J y Davis, C. (2007): “Cunningham W. The effect of perceived stigma from a health care provider on access to care among a low-income hiv-positive population”. En AIDS Patient Care and STDs, aug, vol. 21, nº. 12, pp. 584-92.

Knowlton, A. R. et al. (2001): “Access to medical care and service utilization among injection drug users with HIV/AIDS”. En Drug and Alcohol Dependence, set 1, vol. 64, nº. 1, pp. 55–62.

Lundgren, L. et al. (2005): “Factors Associated with Emergency Room Use among Injection Drug Users of African-American, Hispanic and White European Background”. En American Journal on Addictions, may, vol. 14, nº. 3, pp. 268-280.

Makoae, L. N. et al. (2008): “Coping with HIV-related stigma in five African Countries”. En Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care- JANAC , mar-apr, vol. 19, nº. 2, pp. 137-46.

Neale J, Sheard L. y Tompkins, C. (2007): “Factors that help injecting drug users to access and benefit from services: A qualitative study”. En Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy, oct, vol. 2, p. 31.

Peretti-Watel, P. (2006): “Management of HIV-related stigma and adherence to HAART: evidence from a large representative sample of outpatients attending French hospitals (ANRS-EN12-VESPA 2003)”. En AIDS Care, apr, vol. 18, nº. 3, pp. 254-61.

Rintamaki L. S. (2006): “Social stigma concerns and HIV medication adherence”. En AIDS Patient Care STDS, may, vol. 20, nº. 5, pp. 359-68.

Sayles, J. N. (2007): “Experiences of Social Stigma and Implications For Healthcare Among a Diverse Population of HIV Positive Adults”. En Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, nov, vol. 84, nº. 6, pp. 814-28.

Schneider, J. et al. (2004): “Better physician-patient relationships are associated with higher reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection”. En Journal of General Internal Medicine, vol. 19, nº. 11, pp. 1096-1103.

Sholer N.; Li X. y Cunningham, C. (2007): “Perceived discrimination among severely disadvantaged people with HIV infection”. En Public Health Reports, may-jun, vol. 122, nº. 3, pp. 347-55.

Strathdee, S. A. et al. (1997): “Social determinants predicts needle-sharing behavior among injection drug users in Vancouver, Canada”. En Addiction, oct, vol. 92, nº. 10, pp. 1339-47.

Strauss, A. y Corbin, B. (1990): Basis of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, CA and London: Sage Publications.

UNAIDS (2005): HIV-Related Sigma, Discrimination and Human Rights Violation: Case Studies of Successful Programs. Geneva, Switzerland: Joint United Nations Program HIV/AIDS.

Ware, N. C.; Wyatt, M. A. y Tugenberg, T. (2005): “Adherence, stereotyping and unequal HIV treatment for active users of illegal drugs”. En Social Science & Medicine, aug, vol. 61, nº. 3, pp. 565-76.